Glossary · Torah Ohr · Likkutei Torah
Teshuvah
תשובה
Teshuvah (return)
Returning the soul, which descended into physical things, to its source and root, to cleave to G‑d; not only leaving sin. Its two levels are the return of the lower and the higher hei.
Where it’s explained
- Likkutei Torah, Shabbos Shuvah 3, ¶8Shabbos (תשב) and teshuvah are one: the return of things to their source. Teshuvah is not only from sins; it is returning the soul, which descended and was clothed in physical things, to its root, setting aside one’s will before the Supernal Will. So the Ten Days of Teshuvah and Yom Kippur were instituted for the completely righteous too. The higher teshuvah is from the depth of the heart.
תשובה אינה מעבירות שבידו דוקא אלא תשובה היא להשיב נפשו שירדה מטה מטה ונתלבשה בדברים גשמיים אל מקורה ושרשה
- Likkutei Torah, Shemini Atzeres 2, ¶8“One hour of teshuvah and good deeds” cannot mean merely leaving sin. Teshuvah returns the soul to its source to cleave to the Or Ein Sof itself; “teshuvah preceded the world,” for the world is drawn from the Name Havayah, which is only radiance (ziv), and teshuvah is above that radiance. Israel as a whole reaches it on Yom Kippur.
והתשובה הוא למעלה מבחינת זיו שהוא ביטול והתכללות באור א״ס ב״ה ממש
- Likkutei Torah, Haazinu 1, ¶29Teshuvah is “the spirit returns to Elokim who gave it”: to the soul’s supernal root, ayin and mazal, above the Name Havayah, through bittul and mesirus nefesh. This is why one should be “all his days in teshuvah”: each day, in saying Shema Yisrael, one gives over his soul in “One.”
וזהו ענין התשובה שהרוח תשוב אל האלהים אשר נתנה דהיינו לבחי׳ שורשה העליון בחי׳ אין ומזל
- Likkutei Torah, Rosh Hashanah 5, ¶2Teshuvah is tashuv hei, the return of the higher and the lower hei. It is needed by those who sit in the tent and study Torah: when one interrupts the Written Torah (higher hei) and the Oral Torah (lower hei) for worldly vanities, he must return these two hei’s to their source.
כי העולם טועים לומר דוקא אנשים פחותי הערך ובעלי עבירות הם הם הצריכים לתשובה והאמת אינו כן
- Torah Ohr, Vayeishev 1, ¶12The Supernal Will, far above the bounds of the worlds and not in the chain of Chochmah and middos, is drawn by the inner point of the heart, the higher teshuvah that preceded the world: the heart turns from one extreme to the other, darkness into light, despising worldly pleasures to cleave to G‑d.
בחי׳ פנימית נקודת הלב שהיא בחי׳ תשובה עילאה שקדמה לעולם
Stated differently
Where the line between the lower and the higher teshuvah falls: between thought and speech, or between the soul’s memalei (thought, speech and action that flow from intellect and middos) and its sovev
התבוננות בגדולת ה׳ ועיון תפלה וכוונתה במחשבה הוא בחי׳ ה׳ עילאה וכשמוציאם בפה בעסק התורה והתפלה היא בחי׳ ה׳ תתאהContemplating G‑d’s greatness and the intent of prayer in thought is the higher hei; bringing them out in speech in Torah study and prayer is the lower hei.
תשובה תתאה היא בבחינת ממלא שבנפש היינו במחשבה דבור ומעשה הנמשכים מהשכל ומדותThe lower teshuvah is the memalei of the soul: thought, speech and action that flow from intellect and middos, all bound to G‑d (“with all your heart… with all your soul”); the higher teshuvah is the sovev of the soul, “with all your might.”
Main sources
Likkutei Torah, Shabbos Shuvah 3, ¶8Likkutei Torah, Shemini Atzeres 2, ¶8Likkutei Torah, Haazinu 1, ¶29Likkutei Torah, Rosh Hashanah 5, ¶2Likkutei Torah, Balak 5, ¶2Likkutei Torah, Balak 5, ¶34Likkutei Torah, Nitzavim 2, ¶9Torah Ohr, Vayeishev 1, ¶12
Where it appears
In 461 paragraphs of 168 maamarim.
- Likkutei Torah, Acharei 1 ¶1 ¶21 ¶23 ¶25 ¶28 ¶29
- Likkutei Torah, Acharei 2 ¶1 ¶3 ¶17 ¶18 ¶20
- Likkutei Torah, Acharei 4 ¶2 ¶15 ¶16 ¶20
- Likkutei Torah, Balak 5 ¶2 ¶4 ¶7 ¶9 ¶10 ¶11 ¶13 ¶14 ¶17 ¶18 ¶19 ¶20 ¶21 ¶26 ¶34 ¶35 ¶36 ¶37 ¶38 ¶39 ¶40 ¶41
- Likkutei Torah, Bamidbar 11 ¶7
- Likkutei Torah, Behaaloscha 6 ¶12
- Likkutei Torah, Chukas 8 ¶10 ¶17
- Likkutei Torah, Chukas 9 ¶11 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, Chukas 10 ¶2 ¶9
- Likkutei Torah, Haazinu 1 ¶1 ¶2 ¶3 ¶4 ¶5 ¶8 ¶9 ¶11 ¶13 ¶14 ¶15 ¶18 ¶20 ¶22 ¶28 ¶29 ¶31 ¶32 ¶33 ¶35
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Seitzei 2 ¶5 ¶18 ¶20
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Seitzei 3 ¶5 ¶10 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Seitzei 5 ¶1 ¶7 ¶8
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Seitzei 6 ¶7 ¶9 ¶10
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Seitzei 7 ¶9 ¶10 ¶11 ¶13 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, Korach 1 ¶8 ¶11 ¶29 ¶49 ¶50 ¶52
- Likkutei Torah, Matos 1 ¶15 ¶17 ¶22
- Likkutei Torah, Nasso 3 ¶22
- Likkutei Torah, Nitzavim 1 ¶3 ¶5 ¶9 ¶13 ¶14 ¶16 ¶17 ¶20
- Likkutei Torah, Nitzavim 3 ¶12 ¶13 ¶16 ¶23 ¶26 ¶27
- Likkutei Torah, Nitzavim 4 ¶10 ¶26 ¶34 ¶35
- Likkutei Torah, Pinchas 1 ¶3 ¶9 ¶11 ¶12 ¶16
- Likkutei Torah, Pinchas 3 ¶21 ¶22
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 6 ¶1 ¶4 ¶5 ¶11 ¶20 ¶42 ¶43
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 7 ¶9 ¶10 ¶11 ¶14 ¶15 ¶46 ¶56
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 11 ¶1 ¶2 ¶7 ¶8 ¶10 ¶11
- Likkutei Torah, Rosh Hashanah 4 ¶5 ¶7 ¶9
- Likkutei Torah, Rosh Hashanah 6 ¶4 ¶5 ¶9 ¶10
- Likkutei Torah, Rosh Hashanah 7 ¶1 ¶6
- Likkutei Torah, Shelach 3 ¶10 ¶15
- Likkutei Torah, Shabbos Shuvah 3 ¶2 ¶3 ¶8 ¶9 ¶12 ¶15 ¶21 ¶28 ¶29 ¶31 ¶33 ¶34
- Likkutei Torah, Shemini Atzeres 1 ¶1 ¶9 ¶10 ¶11 ¶19
- Likkutei Torah, Shemini Atzeres 4 ¶1 ¶5 ¶8
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 16 ¶16
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 19 ¶12 ¶17 ¶22
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 20 ¶8
- Likkutei Torah, Tzav 6 ¶30
- Likkutei Torah, Va’eschanan 4 ¶12
- Likkutei Torah, Va’eschanan 8 ¶1 ¶6 ¶14 ¶15
- Likkutei Torah, Yom Kippur 2 ¶14 ¶16 ¶18 ¶21 ¶25
- Torah Ohr, Beshalach 1 ¶10 ¶18
- Torah Ohr, Megillas Esther 1 ¶3 ¶12
- Torah Ohr, Megillas Esther 11 ¶19
- Likkutei Torah, Devarim 1 ¶5 ¶6
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 4 ¶2 ¶13
- Likkutei Torah, Rosh Hashanah 1 ¶2 ¶5 ¶6
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 41 ¶1 ¶6 ¶7 ¶8 ¶10 ¶11 ¶16 ¶17 ¶18 ¶21 ¶24 ¶29 ¶30
- Likkutei Torah, Bamidbar 16 ¶11 ¶12 ¶15 ¶17
- Likkutei Torah, Chukas 6 ¶3 ¶4
- Likkutei Torah, Haazinu 3 ¶3 ¶15 ¶20 ¶39 ¶41 ¶43 ¶47
- Likkutei Torah, Masei 2 ¶24
- Likkutei Torah, Masei 9 ¶2
- Likkutei Torah, Nitzavim 2 ¶5 ¶6 ¶7 ¶8 ¶9 ¶11
- Likkutei Torah, Nitzavim 5 ¶25
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 3 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 9 ¶1 ¶8
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 12 ¶8
- Likkutei Torah, Shemini Atzeres 5 ¶8 ¶13 ¶14 ¶15 ¶16 ¶24 ¶28 ¶37
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 8 ¶48
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 29 ¶8
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 42 ¶1 ¶8 ¶9 ¶12
- Likkutei Torah, V’Zos HaBerachah 6 ¶9
- Likkutei Torah, Va’eschanan 6 ¶31
- Torah Ohr, Mikeitz 12 ¶18 ¶24
- Torah Ohr, Mishpatim 1 ¶2
- Torah Ohr, Tetzaveh 3 ¶4 ¶17
- Torah Ohr, Toldos 5 ¶13
- Likkutei Torah, Bamidbar 5 ¶23
- Likkutei Torah, Bamidbar 6 ¶9 ¶10 ¶12 ¶13
- Likkutei Torah, Bamidbar 15 ¶15 ¶16 ¶19 ¶21
- Likkutei Torah, Behaaloscha 1 ¶9 ¶10
- Likkutei Torah, Haazinu 4 ¶8 ¶9 ¶10
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Savo 4 ¶10 ¶11
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Seitzei 1 ¶3 ¶13 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, Nitzavim 6 ¶3 ¶12 ¶13 ¶19 ¶20 ¶22 ¶27 ¶28
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 10 ¶7 ¶11
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 4 ¶1 ¶2 ¶3 ¶5 ¶6
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 17 ¶11 ¶15 ¶18 ¶20 ¶21 ¶22 ¶23
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 26 ¶14 ¶16
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 27 ¶3
- Likkutei Torah, V’Zos HaBerachah 3 ¶22 ¶32 ¶33
- Likkutei Torah, Va’eschanan 1 ¶12
- Likkutei Torah, Yom Kippur 1 ¶1 ¶4
- Torah Ohr, Lech Lecha 6 ¶2
- Torah Ohr, Yisro 6 ¶4 ¶5 ¶6 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, Bamidbar 4 ¶2 ¶5
- Likkutei Torah, Bamidbar 21 ¶3
- Likkutei Torah, Chukas 2 ¶16 ¶22
- Likkutei Torah, Matos 3 ¶2 ¶3 ¶5
- Likkutei Torah, Nitzavim 7 ¶5 ¶21 ¶25
- Torah Ohr, Megillas Esther 12 ¶17 ¶18
- Likkutei Torah, Bamidbar 7 ¶13
- Likkutei Torah, Shabbos Shuvah 1 ¶6 ¶7 ¶11 ¶13 ¶14 ¶16 ¶17
- Likkutei Torah, Bechukosai 4 ¶3
- Likkutei Torah, Emor 6 ¶9
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Savo 1 ¶7 ¶8
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Savo 2 ¶1
- Likkutei Torah, Ki Savo 3 ¶8 ¶9
- Likkutei Torah, Matos 4 ¶1
- Likkutei Torah, Metzora 1 ¶12 ¶13 ¶14 ¶15 ¶17
- Likkutei Torah, Pinchas 4 ¶6 ¶8 ¶26 ¶27
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 1 ¶2 ¶3 ¶5
- Likkutei Torah, Shemini Atzeres 2 ¶8 ¶9 ¶11 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 5 ¶4 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 15 ¶10 ¶13 ¶15
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 35 ¶3 ¶4
- Likkutei Torah, Sukkos 4 ¶5 ¶7
- Likkutei Torah, Tzav 3 ¶2
- Likkutei Torah, V’Zos HaBerachah 2 ¶16
- Likkutei Torah, Va’eschanan 10 ¶16
- Likkutei Torah, Va’eschanan 11 ¶8
- Torah Ohr, Beshalach 2 ¶12
- Torah Ohr, Megillas Esther 8 ¶25 ¶26 ¶31 ¶33
- Torah Ohr, Tetzaveh 4 ¶3
- Torah Ohr, Vayeitzei 1 ¶21
- Torah Ohr, Yisro 7 ¶27
- Likkutei Torah, Matos 6 ¶4
- Likkutei Torah, Rosh Hashanah 5 ¶2 ¶3 ¶8 ¶11 ¶13
- Likkutei Torah, Sukkos 3 ¶4 ¶5 ¶6 ¶7 ¶8 ¶14
- Torah Ohr, Noach 1 ¶5 ¶8
- Likkutei Torah, Chukas 1 ¶14 ¶15
- Likkutei Torah, Pekudei 1 ¶2 ¶6
- Likkutei Torah, Shemini Atzeres 8 ¶11 ¶12 ¶15
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 14 ¶13
- Torah Ohr, Va’eira 1 ¶8
- Torah Ohr, Vayechi 2 ¶5
- Torah Ohr, Vayeishev 1 ¶7 ¶12
- Torah Ohr, Vayeishev 5 ¶8
- Torah Ohr, Vayeitzei 2 ¶16
- Likkutei Torah, Shelach 14 ¶6 ¶7
- Likkutei Torah, Shemini Atzeres 3 ¶6 ¶7 ¶8 ¶9 ¶11
- Likkutei Torah, Shemini Atzeres 9 ¶4
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 6 ¶7
- Likkutei Torah, Sukkos 2 ¶7 ¶8
- Likkutei Torah, Tzav 12 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, Va’eschanan 7 ¶8
- Torah Ohr, Beshalach 4 ¶20
- Torah Ohr, Ki Sisa 1 ¶19 ¶22
- Torah Ohr, Megillas Esther 9 ¶8
- Torah Ohr, Va’eira 2 ¶1 ¶2 ¶25
- Likkutei Torah, Bechukosai 2 ¶16 ¶19
- Likkutei Torah, Behar 1 ¶9
- Likkutei Torah, Chukas 5 ¶3
- Likkutei Torah, Rosh Hashanah 3 ¶18
- Likkutei Torah, Shir HaShirim 24 ¶7
- Likkutei Torah, Vayikra 5 ¶16
- Torah Ohr, Chayei Sarah 2 ¶2 ¶8
- Torah Ohr, Toldos 2 ¶16 ¶24
- Torah Ohr, Vayishlach 6 ¶14
- Likkutei Torah, V’Zos HaBerachah 5 ¶1
- Torah Ohr, Bereishis 10 ¶11 ¶12 ¶15
- Torah Ohr, Mikeitz 7 ¶21
- Torah Ohr, Toldos 3 ¶16
- Likkutei Torah, Nasso 4 ¶16
- Torah Ohr, Yisro 8 ¶13
- Likkutei Torah, Balak 3 ¶24 ¶25
- Torah Ohr, Lech Lecha 3 ¶1
- Torah Ohr, Mikeitz 4 ¶20
- Likkutei Torah, Re’eh 2 ¶9
- Likkutei Torah, Shelach 13 ¶3
- Torah Ohr, Vayechi 3 ¶15 ¶23
- Torah Ohr, Vayigash 1 ¶13
- Likkutei Torah, Bamidbar 10 ¶10
- Likkutei Torah, Shelach 9 ¶7
- Torah Ohr, Bereishis 7 ¶10
- Torah Ohr, Megillas Esther 4 ¶1
- Torah Ohr, Vayechi 1 ¶4
- Torah Ohr, Vayeishev 4 ¶24
Written with AI from the paragraphs of Torah Ohr and Likkutei Torah, each entry checked by a second AI reader and every Hebrew quote checked by code; not yet reviewed by a person. Our English: CC BY-NC 4.0.