Likkutei Torah · Sefer Shemos · Шабат 27 березня
פרשת צו
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12 маамарим Альтер Ребе про паршу, мовою оригіналу видання «Кегот», із посиланнями на джерела, що відкриваються саме там, де їх наведено. Кожен короткий розділ містить точний переклад і стислий коментар.
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Маамарим 12
- ואכלתם אכול ושבוע והללתם את שם ה׳ אלהיכם… “And you shall eat, eating and being satisfied, and you shall praise the Name” Eating is elevation: food descends from the angels, and the human soul that eats it raises its sparks to their root; in the future even today’s lofty souls will be “eaten” and raised by new souls from sovev kol almin. This explains Joel’s doubled blessing and the Midrash on Aharon’s offering: the refiner becomes the refined, and Malchus, now a silent receiver, will become the crown and the giver, so that no one will be ashamed.
- ביאור מעט על פסוק ואכלתם אכול כו׳ A Brief Explanation of “And You Shall Eat, Eating” Spiritual rank is relative: the loftiest souls of today, the “fish of the sea” born of Abba and Imma of Atzilus, are only the lower levels of a higher Atzilus, and beside the new souls that will come from the revealed essence of the Infinite Light they are like “animals” that those souls will elevate. This is the inner meaning of the feast of the Leviathan.
- להבין ענין משמח חתן וכלה ומשמח חתן עם… To Understand “Who Gladdens the Groom and Bride” The groom and bride of the wedding blessings are Yaakov and Rachel: the Infinite Light that “breaks forth” even from its most hidden level, and Malchus, which must descend to give life to the worlds. What causes the breaking-through is G‑d’s joy, His inner delight revealed, given without waiting for an arousal from below; now it passes from groom to bride, and in the Time to Come both will rejoice as one.
- והיה אור הלבנה כאור החמה ואור החמה יהיה… “And the Light of the Moon Shall Be Like the Light of the Sun” Isaiah’s promise that the moon will shine like the sun is the promise of the wedding blessing that the hidden voices of groom and bride, and the joy of “grooms” and of “youths,” will be heard. In the future the lower levels, the youths who now need song to awaken their love and the moon that has no light of its own, will rise above the elders, as high as the first three Sefiros of Atik.
- ענין שבעת ימי המילואים הנה לכאורה אינו מובן… The Matter of the Seven Days of the Miluim The seven days of the Miluim, when the Mishkan and its priests were inaugurated, were a “filling”: light from above the worlds, “the light of the seven days,” filled the lack left by Adam’s sin and the moon’s diminution, a foretaste of the future when “the light of the moon shall be like the light of the sun.”
- להבין מ״ש בהגדה מצה זו שאנו אוכלים ע״ש… To Understand “This Matzah That We Eat” Pesach has two kinds of matzah. The obligatory matzah of the first night draws down the intellect of Abba, a light above all comprehension for which “darkness is as light,” which alone could reach impure Egypt and redeem Israel, inwardly and for them alone; the matzah of the remaining days came of itself when the King of the kings of kings was revealed, and later generations must draw its bittul into their seven middos.
- ששת ימים תאכל מצות וביום השביעי עצרת להוי׳ אלקיך וגו׳ “Six Days You Shall Eat Matzos, and on the Seventh Day an Atzeres” Eating matzah for six days draws a light from above the order of the worlds into the six emotive attributes, and this brings the Atzeres of the seventh day, when Malchus, the hidden “sea,” became revealed “dry land” at the Splitting of the Sea. Matzah has two levels, the lower awe of before midnight and the higher awe revealed after midnight; since the giving of the Torah, the matzah we eat before midnight carries both.
- ששת ימים תאכל מצות וביום השביעי עצרת לה׳… “Six Days You Shall Eat Matzos” At the splitting of the sea, on the seventh day of Pesach, an atzeres “to Havayah your G‑d,” there was revealed a G‑dliness above Chochmah and above the whole chain of worlds: a “darkness” that shone, silenced Israel and turned the sea to dry land. Such a revelation cannot be taken in inwardly, as food is, but only as an encompassing light; so, the Alter Rebbe suggests, the peace-offerings of joy, which bring festival joy into the animal soul through eating, were not offered that day, and for the same reason there will be no eating in the World to Come.
- ששת ימים תאכל מצות וביום השביעי עצרת להוי׳… “Six Days You Shall Eat Matzos” The seventh day of Pesach, the day the sea split, is an Atzeres wholly “to Havayah your G‑d” because it foreshadows the future crossing of “the River” to the level “beyond the River,” Chochmah revealed as sight, earned through the hardships of exile. Meanwhile the revelation of Pesach, which came at first by a leap, is drawn down little by little through the Counting of the Omer.
- להבין מפני מה יו״ט דפסח הוא ביום שנעשה… To Understand Why the Yom Tov of Pesach Is on the Day of the Miracle Pesach falls on the very day of its miracle, unlike Chanukah and Purim, because its miracle came from sovev, the light that reaches all levels at once: it could strike Egypt and reveal holiness to Israel in a single act, while Purim’s revelation, from memalei, needed a day of removing the evil before the day of revelation. Sovev could make that distinction only because it shone through memalei, through Abba and Imma enclothing the arms of Arich Anpin.
- הים ראה וינוס כו׳ “The Sea Saw and Fled” At the splitting of the sea a single revelation from above all order met two opposite natures: the mountains, the middos of Atzilus, root of the souls that serve with love like a minister, were absorbed into the revealed light that encompasses all worlds and “danced,” leaping beyond every stage; the sea, Malchus, whose task is to conceal so that separate beings can exist, could not be absorbed, so its concealment “fled,” and the souls it had carried were born.
- והניף ידו על הנהר בעים רוחו והכהו לשבעה… “And He Will Wave His Hand over the River” At the Exodus G‑d split the “sea,” the concealing speech of Malchus, so that Atzilus shone into the created worlds and the Torah of deeds could be given; in the Future He will split the “river,” the subtler concealment of thought that flows from Eden, and Eden itself will be revealed: the inner dimension of the Torah, which Mashiach will teach as sight rather than hearing.
Вивчіть за сім днів Від неділі до Шабату
Ребе просив вивчати всі маамарим тижневої парші протягом цього тижня, розподіливши їх на сім днів. Ось парша, поділена на сім приблизно рівних частин.